BEST PYTHON TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS
Best Python Tutorial For beginnersTo all Python lovers, here I’m writing an easy tutorial for learning the python programming language.As you know with the growth in Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence, the future of the industry will be dependent on AI-based applications. Python is the stepping stone to start your career in automation and data science. Few real-time application of Python:Web ScrapingImage ProcessingMachine Learning & AIAutomate excel & csv filesScientific & Numeric ComputingEmail AutomationData AnalysisData VisualizationWeb Development using DjangoGaming development Benefits of using Python over other programming languages:Open Source (No license required to buy software) & supports Community developmentExtensively Support multiple LibrariesData Analysis is done using PandasNumerical Calculation is done using NumPyObject-Oriented programming languagePython is easier than C, C++, Java, .Net, etc.High-performance speedBetter productivityUser-friendly data-structures All top companies like Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Youtube, Quora, Yahoo, Salesforce are currently using Python. This tutorial will cover:-Python InstallationPython Data TypesNumbersStringsListTupleDictionarySetsOperatorsConditionals StatementsLoopsFunctionsFile Handling Python Installation Download python latest version from anaconda.com/download/Complete setup installationInstall visual studio code from code.visualstudio.comStart using Jupyter notebook Variables Python stores data/ values in memory using a variable. A variable is a name given by you, to which you assign a piece of data that is stored in an area of the computer’s memory, allowing you to refer to that data when you need to later in the program a = 10
b = 'Welcome to Gyansetu!'
c = 10.11
print(a,b,c)
## output:
## 10 Welcome to Gyansetu! 10.11 Here the variables are a, b, c Python Data Types Numbers:There are 3 types of Numbers:IntegerFloatComplexInteger (int): Integer is a non-decimal number formed by the combination of 0 – 9 digits.Float (float): A float is a decimal number that can be represented on a number line.Complex (complex): They are the numbers consist of an imaginary number and a real number.Different types of numbers a = 10 #integer
b = 43.49 #float
c = 1 + 2j #complex To accept values from user input x = input("Enter any number : ")
y = input("Enter any number : ")
z = input("Enter any number : ")
print(x,y,z)
## output:
## Enter any number : 2
## Enter any number : 3
## Enter any number : 1
## 2 3 1 To know the type of data: print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
## output:
##
##
## String A string in Python consists of a series or sequence of characters – letters, numbers, and special characters.Strings can be indexed – often synonymously called subscripted as well. Similar to C, the first character of a string has the index 0.How to print a string a = "sahil"
b = 20
c = 30
print("%d-%d-%d" % (a,b,c))
## output:
## This will give error because %d is used in print for a and a is a string, %d is used for integer values ### Another way to solve the error a = "sahil"
b = 20
c = 30
print("%s-%d-%d" % (a,b,c))
## output:
## sahil-20-30
## %s is used for string values How to print a string using .formata = "sahil"
b = 20
c = 30
print("{}-{}-{}".format(a,b,c))
## output:
## sahil-20-30 Indexing in Python: Indexing # starts from 0 to n – 1 where n is the length of string use []Example to understand indexing: s = "Hello World!"
print(s[2])
print(s[6])
## output:
## l
## s Slicing in Python: Slicing # used to make sub-strings from strings used with start, end and step variable # s[start:end:step]
s = "Hello World!"
x = s[3:11]
y = s[:]
z = s[:6]
p = s[6:]
print(x)
print(y)
print(z)
print(p)
print(s)
## output:
## lo World
## Hello World!
## Hello
## World!
## Hello World! Basic String Functions: –swapcase, upper, lower, strip, lstrip, rstrip, find, replace, format, center Swapcase:- used to change uppercase letters into lowercase letters and vice versaUpper:- It changes all letters into uppercase and returns the stringLower:- It changes all letters into lowercase and return the stringStrip:- strip is used to remove all leading and trailing spaces from the stringLstrip:- It is used to remove left spaceRstrip:- It is used to remove the right space Example to understand string functions: s = input("Enter a String : ")
print(s)
print("Swapcase : ",s.swapcase())
print("Upper : ",s.upper())
print("Lower : ",s.lower())
print("Strip : ",s.strip())
print("LStrip : ",s.lstrip())
print("RStrip : ",s.rstrip())
## output:
## Enter a String : iclass gyansetu
## iclass gyansetu
## Swapcase : ICLASS GYANSETU
## Upper : ICLASS GYANSETU
## Lower : iclass gyansetu
## Strip : iclass gyansetu
## LStrip : iclass gyansetu
## RStrip : iclass gyansetu ListsLists are one of the most powerful tools in Python.They are just like the arrays declared in other languages.But the most powerful thing is that list need not be always homogeneous.A single list can contain strings, integers, as well as objects.Lists can also be used for implementing stacks and queues.Lists are mutable, i.e., they can be altered once declared. Declaring a list: L = [1, "a" , "string" , 1+2]
print(L)
## output : [1, 'a', 'string', 3] Homogeneous & Non-Homogeneous List Homogeneous List contains all elements of same data type.Non- Homogeneous List contains elements of different data type. l = [ 'hello','hi','how are you' ]
print(l)
print(l[2])
l = [ 56,23,45,12,67,12,43,1,6,8,6,33,12]
print("Homogeneous List :",l)
print(l[5])
l = [ 'hello','hi', 3, 4.5 ]
print("Non-Homogeneous List : ",l)
print(l[-3])
## output:
## ['hello', 'hi', 'how are you']
## how are you
## Homogeneous List : [56, 23, 45, 12, 67, 12, 43, 1, 6, 8, 6, 33, 12]
## 12
## Non-Homogeneous List : ['hello', 'hi', 3, 4.5]
## hi TupleA Tuple is a collection of Python objects separated by commas.In someway a tuple is similar to a list in terms of indexing, nested objects, and repetition but a tuple is immutable, unlike lists which are mutable.Declaring a Tuple tup = 'python', 'gyansetu'
print(tup)
## output: ('python', 'gyansetu') ### Another way for doing the same
tup = ('python', 'gyansetu')
print(tup)
## output: ('python', 'gyansetu') DictionaryIt consists of key-value pairs.The value can be accessed by a unique key in the dictionary.Dictionary Example with Key-Value pair mydict = {
'name':'python',
'build_year':1991,
'Father of Python':"Guido Van Rossum",
'Frame_works':['Django','Flask','Web2PY','Torando','kivi'],
'versions' : [1.0,2.0,3.0],
'latest_version':3.6}
print(mydict)
print("Name : ", mydict['name']) #returns the value of the key 'name'
print("Frame Works : ", mydict['Frame_works'])
## output:
## {'name': 'python', 'build_year': 1991, 'Father of Python': 'Guido Van Rossum', 'Frame_works': ['Django', 'Flask', 'Web2PY', 'Torando', 'kivi'], 'versions': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0], 'latest_version': 3.6}
## Name : python
## Frame Works : ['Django', 'Flask', 'Web2PY', 'Torando', 'kivi']
Operators in Python Arithmetic Operators Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and divisionAddition Operator ( + )Subtraction Operator ( – )Multiplication Operator ( * )Division Operator ( / )Modulas Operator ( % )Floor Division ( // )Exponent Operator ( ** ) Example of Arithmetic Operatorx = 10
y = 3
z1 = x+y
z2 = x-y
z3 = x * y
print("Addition of {} and {} is {}.".format(x,y,z1))
print("Subtraction of {} and {} is {}.".format(x,y,z2))
print("Multiplication of {} and {} is {}.".format(x,y,z3))
## output:
## Addition of 10 and 3 is 13.
## Subtraction of 10 and 3 is 7.
## Multiplication of 10 and 3 is 30. Comparison OperatorsThese operators compare the values on either side of them and decide the relation among them.Less Than ( < )Less Than Equals To ( )Greater Than Equals To ( >= )Equals To Equals To ( == )Not Equals To ( != ) Example of Comparison Operator#returns true if statement is True else returns False
print("6 < 8 ", 6 < 8) ## output: True
print("6 6 ", 5 > 6) ## output: False
print("6 != 7 ", 6 != 7) ## output: True Logical OperatorsLogical operators are used on conditional statements (either True or False). They perform Logical AND, Logical OR, and Logical NOT operationsAnd If x is false, return x else return y OrIf x is false, return yelse xExamples:print( 5>7 and 6-5*3+6) ## output: False
print( 6-4*3+6 and 5>7) ## output: 0
print( 6-4*3+6 or 6 > 5) ## output: True
print( 6 > 5 or 6-4*3+6) ## output: True Membership OperatorMembership operators are operators used to validate the membership of a value. It test for membership in a sequence, such as strings, lists, or tuples.innot inExamples: s2 = "Dog is an animal."
s1 = "Dog"
x = s1 in s2
if x :
print("Pattern Found in step 1") #return this if x=True
else :
print("Patten Not Found")
p = s1 not in s2
print(x)
print(p)
## OUTPUT:
## Pattern Found in step 1
## True
## False
Identity OperatorPython Membership and Identity Operators · in operator: The ‘in’ operator is used to check if a value exists in a sequence or not.isis notExamples:x = 5
y = 5
print(x is y)
print( x is not y )
p = 3
q = 4
if p is q :
print("Both are equal")
else :
print("Both are different") Conditional StatementsIn programming and scripting languages, conditional statements or conditional constructs are used to perform different computations or actions depending on whether a condition evaluates to true or false. (Please note that true and false are always written as True and False in Python.) Example to calculate the greatest of 3 numbers using a conditional statement #Greatest among Three numbers
a = int(input("A : "))
b = int(input("B : "))
c = int(input("C : "))
if a >= b :
if a >= c :
print("A is greatest ")
else :
print("C is greatest ")
elif b >= c :
print("B is Greatest")
else :
print("C is Greatest ")
## OUTPUT:
## A : 12
## B : 32
## C : 16
## B is Greatest Loops in PythonLoops can be divided into 2 kinds.Finite: This kind of loop works until a certain condition is metInfinite: This kind of loop works infinitely and does not stop ever. There are 2 kinds of loops:forwhileFor Loops: These loops are used to perform a certain set of statements for a given condition and continue until the condition has failed. You know the number of times that you need to execute the for loop. Example of For loop print("List Iteration")
l = ["books", "bags", "pens"]
for i in l:
print(i)
## OUTPUT:
## List Iteration
## books
## bags
## pens For loop using range() for i in range(5):
print(i)
## OUTPUT:
## 0
## 1
## 2
## 3
## 4
If you want to explore and learn coding skills in Python, then Gyansetu provides you the best platform to learn the Python language. Call:- 8130799520.
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